Motor Control Tools

Electrical Speed Calculator

Convert mechanical speed to electrical speed and frequency using the motor's pole pair count.

RPM

Must be zero or greater.

A positive whole number (poles ÷ 2).

Assumption

Assumes a constant mechanical speed and a symmetric, sinusoidally-wound machine — typical for PMSM and BLDC drives under steady-state operation.

Mechanical angular speed104.72rad/s
Electrical speed4000RPM (elec.)

Equivalent electrical revolutions per minute: mechanical RPM × pole pairs.

Electrical frequency66.667Hz
Electrical angular frequency418.879rad/s

Formula

Electrical frequency from mechanical speed

fe = n · P / 60

fe
Electrical frequency [Hz]
n
Mechanical speed [RPM]
P
Pole pairs [—]

Related angular quantities

ωm = n · 2π / 60 ωe = ωm · P ne = n · P

ωm
Mechanical angular speed [rad/s]
ωe
Electrical angular frequency [rad/s]
ne
Electrical speed [RPM (elec.)]

Poles vs. pole pairs

A motor's pole count is the total number of magnetic north and south poles around the rotor, and is always even. A pole pair is one north/south pair, so pole pairs = poles ÷ 2. A 2-pole motor has 1 pole pair, so its electrical frequency equals its mechanical rotation frequency. An 8-pole motor has 4 pole pairs, so the electrical waveform completes 4 full cycles for every single mechanical revolution — this is why higher pole-count motors produce a higher electrical frequency (and commutation rate) at the same shaft speed.

Worked example

An 8-pole motor (4 pole pairs) spinning at 1000 RPM:

  • Electrical frequency: 1000 × 4 / 60 = 66.67 Hz
  • Electrical speed: 1000 × 4 = 4000 RPM (elec.)
  • Mechanical angular speed: 1000 × 2π / 60 ≈ 104.72 rad/s
  • Electrical angular frequency: 104.72 × 4 ≈ 418.88 rad/s

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